Closure



May 18, 1943 J. w. CZQNWAY CLOSURE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 29, 1940 W5: m "mu May 18 31943 J. w. CQNWAY 293199651 CLOSURE Filed June 29, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 d Vx Patented May 18, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Consolidated Car Heating Company,

Inc.,

Albany, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application June 29, 1940, .Serial No. 343,093

1 Claim.

' vide a device of the type described in which a closure may be operated electrically and held in operated position electrically.

A further object of the invention is the production of a device of the type described in which the operating circuits are so constructed and arranged that in operating a closure to closed position the movement shall not be as rapid as operating the closure to open position.

A further object of the invention is the production of a device of the type described in which the operating and control circuits are so arranged that, if the motor operating the closures is stalled, substantially the same current fiow will tak place whether the stalling takes place while the closure is being opened or while the closure is being closed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a thermal means which will be substantially equally affected when the closure is being opened and when the closure is being closed if stalling takes place.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description of the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate the invention progresses, and the novel features will be particu larly pointed out in the appended claim.

In describing the invention in detail and the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate theinvention, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings and the several views thereon, in which like characters of reference designate lik parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure l is a top plan view of a closure operating means suitable for control by a circuit embodying the principles devised by applicant; Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the device as shown by Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic or schematic view illustrating the control and governing circuits devised by applicant.

In the figures, l designates a motor of any usual or ordinary type. This motor, as shown in the schematic view has an armature 2, and a field winding 3 for rotating the armature 2 in one direction, and a field winding 4 for operthrough inter-meshing gearing designated generally as 6 drives the vertical shaft 1.

The vertical shaft 1 has the two arm crank 8 attached thereto and movable therewith. The two arm crank 8, in accordance with known means, may have links attached at each end thereof and thereby be connected to any desired closure. One form of closure to which the apparatus is especially adapted is that thoroughly familiar one of double doors of street railway cars or busses in which case one end of the crank 8 would be connected to one door or closure and the other end of the crank 8 to the other door or closure.

Shaft 1 also carries the insulating drum 8' upon which are mounted the metallic electrical conducting segments, or commutator bars, such as 9, Ill and H. As is well understood by those skilled in the electrical art these segments may be positioned as desired to accomplish the necessary making and breaking of circuits at desired angular travel of the drum 8. In the particular arrangement shown, it is contemplated that the drum will move through an arc of approximately degrees, first one way and then the other way, that is, in one direction for opening the closure and in the other direction for closing the closure. Cooperating with metallic segments on the drum are electrical conducting fingers exemplified by 12 and I3. These electrical conducting fingers make electrical contact with metallic segments and so form part of electrical circuits arranged as desired, all of which is old and well known. The ground or common wire [4 of the motor, as shown in Fig. 3, is also designated l4 in Fig. l and'is grounded by being attached to the frame at [5. The leads l6 and H as shown in Fig. 3 are identified with corresponding numerals in Fig. 1.

In the schematic view, Fig. 3, applicant has illustrated the controlling circuits of his invention.

In order to operate the motor I having the armature 2, circuits must be made and broken at the contact points l8, I9, 20 and 2%. This may be done in various ways but applicant prefers the arrangement as shown in Fig. 3. In that figure, switch arms 22 and 23 are simultaneously operated by means of a bar 24 having pins 25 and 26 engaging with the switch arms 22 and 23 respectively. The bar 24 is normally held to the right, as viewed in Fig. 3, by any suitable means such as a spring 2'! so that switch arms 22 and 23 contact with contact pins [9 and 2!. When 22 and 23 contact points 19 and 2! with the metallic segments in the position as shown, operating current is not flowing but holding current is flowing in a holding circuit, that is, current flows from the positive source at 29 through limiting resistance 30 and thermal device 3! to switch arm 22, contact point i9, conductor 32, limiting resistance 33, conductor lead [3, field winding 3, conductor 34, conductor 35, armature 2 and wire M to the negative terminal of the source. Current flowing in the above traced path maintains the closure in its closed position so as to resist attempted manual displacement.

If it is desired to move the closure to open position the operator closes the switch 33 upon the point 31 so that current then flows from the positive terminal of the source through switch arm 33, contact point 3? and wire 38 to relay coil 39 and so to the negative terminal of the source. Energization of relay coil 39 causes 24 to be moved to the left, as viewed in Fig. 3, and so causes 22 and 23 to connect with contact points [8 and 20 respectively. When this occurs, current then flows from the positive terminal of the source at 29 through resistance 33, thermal device 3|,

switch arm 22, contact point I8, conductors 4D, 4| and 42, and then by metallic segment 43 corresponding to metallic segments such as 9, l l] and H to conductor 44, conductor lead l1, closure opening field coil 4, conductors 45 and 35, armature 2 and conductor l4 to the negative terminal of the source; Current travelling in the last above traced path causes the motor to operate in a direction to open the closure and at the same time to move metallic segments 43 and 46 which are positioned upon drum 8 so that metallic segment 43 will be moved to the right, as viewed in Fig. 3, to disconnect conductors 42 and 44 and be positioned with the line 41 thereof co- 'inciding with line 48 and so the line 49 of segment 45 will move to coincide with line 53. The movement of 43 breaks the circuit between conductors 42 and 44 and then holding current will flow from conductor 4! through limiting resistance 5| t0 conductor lead I! and so through the field coil 4 and armature 2 to the negative terminal of the battery so as to hold the closure in the open position against an attempted manual movement thereof and such condition will persist as long as switch arm 35 remains in contact with the point 37.

When it is desired to close the closure after it has been moved to open position the switch arm 36 is moved to the full line position as shown in Fig. 3, whereupon spring 21 returns the switch arms 22 and 23 to the full line position, as shown in Fig. 3, and then operating current to close the closure will flow in a reversing or reverse field winding circuit from the positive terminal of the source at 29 through resistance 30, thermal device 3|, switch arm 22, contact point l9, conductors 32 and 52, metallic segment 45, conductor 53, conductor lead l6, closure closing field 3, conductors 34 and 35, armature 2 and conductor M to the negative terminal of the source. After the closure has been completely closed it will be held closed by the circuit through the holding resistance 33 hereinbefore described.

tor 45, closure opening field 4, conductor lead l1,

conductors 44, 42 and 4|, and thence through limiting resistance 54 to conductor 55, point 2|, switch arm 23, conductor 53, limiting resistance 51 to the negative terminal of the source. This last traced path through the closure opening field 4 increases the field strength of the motor, because, although the closure opening field 4 is energized by current it is energized by current flowing in exactly the opposite direction from what it is caused to flow when the closure opening field is used to open the closure and so the magnetic field thereof produced serves to intensify the magnetic field produced by the closure closing field 3 and thereby the armature speed is decreased, so that the movement of the closure in closing is slower than the movement of the closure in opening which is extremely desirable on closures such as doors for passenger cars.

Not only is the movement of the closure in closing lower than in opening on account of the above traced circuit through the resistance 54 but the double current flow in the operating circuit is substantially that which takes place when the closure is being opened so that both in opening and in closing substantially the same amperage flows through the thermal device 3|, consequently, if the motor stalls for any reason, such as manual interference with the operation of the closure, the resultant current flow is substantially the same for both the operation of closing and for the operation or" opening the closure, so that a single thermal device may be used for the protection of the motor against burning out or. other damage by current flow in case of a stalled motor and this is accomplished simultaneously with obtaining a reduction in speed on closing the closure. Heretofore a reduction in speed of closing the closure has been accomplished by inserting a resistance in conductor 32 but by so doing it was possible to stall the motor and allow sulficient current to go through the motor so as to damage it without operating the thermal device 3|. By the method employed by applicant using the resistance 54 the speed of operation of closing the closure is regulated properly and it is still possible to properly protect the motor with a single thermal device 3|.

The thermal device 3| may be of any usual or desired form. Applicant has illustrated it by the conventional form of the ordinary fuse link which is properly rated to provide the proper safety for the particular motor and operating current used by that motor, all of which is we understood by those skilled in the art.

By the time the operating circuit completes the closing of the closure, the metallic segments 43 and 45 have been moved to the position as shown in full lines in Fig. 3 by means of the drum 8 ready for an operation to open the closure.

The position of the parts in Fig. 3 is illustrative of the completion of a closing movement. While that movement was taking place, switch arm 23 was in contact with contact point 2| and metallic segment 43 contacted with point 58 toward the completion of the movement of closing the closure. When segment 43 contacts point or finger 58 a slowing circuit is formed from a common negative terminal at the end of resistance 57, through resistance 5'1, conductor 53, switch arm 23, point 2!, conductors 55 and 59, finger 53, segment 43, finger 63, conductor 44, conductor lead I l, field winding 4, conductors 45 and 35, armature 2 and conductor 14 to the common negative terminal. The above traced circuit formed a closed circuit of low resistance including the motor so that it acts as a snub or breaker on the rotation of the armature and so brings it to a stop without overrun and too much jar. An exactly similar snub is formed for the closing movement through conductor 6|.

Although I have particularly described one particular physical embodiment of my invention and explained the operation, construction and principle thereof, nevertheless, I desire to have it understood that the form selected is merely illustrative, but does not exhaust the possible physical embodiments of the idea of means underlying my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

A reversing motion device, including in combination: a series electric motor including an armature and opposed field windings each in series with the armature; means including two operating circuits one including the armature and one field winding only, the other including the other field winding and both the armature and the first field winding in series circuits therewith; for causing rotation of said motor in either one of two directions; means including two holding circuits for holding the armature in an operated position each including a source of potential, a resistance, the armature and a field winding; means including a snubbing circuit for bringing the armature to a standstill; means for causing the armature to rotate slower in one direction than in the other with the same load; means for causing substantially the same current flow in each operating circuit upon stalling of the armature; a thermal device protecting the motor against excess current flow and means for causing substantially the same value of current flow through said thermal device regardless of which operating circuit is operative.

JOHN W. CONWAY. 

